Experts discussed critical developments in these key countries and how their nuclear ambitions will affect efforts to curb the spread of nuclear appetites and weapons around the world.

The Army is the most powerful political party in Pakistan. With an acceptance rate similar to Ivy League institutions (one out of ten applicants), the army remains the most prestigious institution in Pakistan. Pakistan spends 3.4% of its GDP on the military, compared to 1.2% for the social sector; a stark reminder of its economic footprint in a country still struggling with poverty.

On February 13, the Carnegie South Asia Program explored the Pakistani military’s possible reactions to various post-election scenarios.